HARDCORE ASTRONOMY

By Laurent Pellerin

 

As the Central Florida contact for the International Occultation and Timing Association (IOTA,) I was called upon to act as local guide to Paul Maley, who works for NASA at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Paul was traveling to Central Florida to record an occultation (eclipse) of a 12.1 magnitude star by the 70-mile long 11.6 magnitude asteroid, Schiela, at 4:04 AM on the morning of Monday, May 20th. Since he was flyinging in by way of Holland, he could not bring his own telescope, only his image-intensifier and camera. In addition, Tom Campbell of Tampa, was also going to record this occultaion from Zephyrhills.

By having two people record the timings of such occultations, better estimates of the size, shape and orbit of these asteroids can be calculated. It sounded like fun, and I was eager to help out all that I could. But little did I know what nature and a irritable late-season cold front had in store for us.

When I left my house at 11 PM Sunday night, the Big Dipper and Bootes were both showing through a nice big hole in the cloudcover. It looked like the front was moving out as I had hoped. Paul and I met on US 17-92 between Orange City and Deland at 11:30 PM. We then headed up US 17 to Seville, about 30 miles from our meeting point. We found SR 305 with no trouble and proceeded west towards our intended viewing station at Willow Point on the eastern shore of Lake George which was about 14 miles northwest of the occutation centerline.

However, it turned out that there was a trailer resort at Willow Point, and we spent some time driving around its twisting dead-end streets trying to locate the boat ramp we had planned to use. We eventually discovered that the boat ramp was in an area fenced off from the rest of the resort. There was no public access to this ramp! Great!

We headed back to US 17 and proceeded south, trying several east and west roads as we went. The only one with a good southwest horizon was a private road. Not wishing to trespass, we continued farther south until we reached Ninemile Point road. We headed west on Ninemile Point road until it dead-ended in a small state park, also on Lake George. There was no boat ramp, (the ramp was a little more south) but it did have a nice long fishing pier out over the shallows into the lake. Perfect...except for the 100% overcast. It was about 1 AM and the occultation was at 4:04 AM, so we settled in on the pier to wait for the cloudcover to break and to watch the flashlight reflections from the eyes of the several gators fishing in the shallows below the pier. With the temperature in the lower 60's, I told Paul there was no chance of those gators leaving that warm water for the shore, and gators don't climb fishing piers very well anyway. But having little experience with gators !
in Texas, he still seemed nervious for some reason.

About 2 AM, Tom called my cell phone to tell us that he had decided to head for Ocala, because of exceptionally bad weather at Zephyrhills. That placed him about 40 miles west-southwest of our location and about 25 miles northwest of the centerline. This left us with only about 10 miles of chord separation from the centerline, and put us both on the same side of the centerline. Tom said that Ocala was 100% overcast as well, but he had seen some holes farther south.

Due to the fact that Tom and I had both seen holes to the south, and the short chord separation, Paul decided that we should head south, back to my house in southeast Deltona. This would give us close to our original chord separation, just reversing our relative positions.

As we passed through DeLeon Springs, Paul saw a big hole in the cloudcover. We quickly tried roads both east and west of US 17, but couldn't locate a clear horizon, and then the hole drifted off, so we continued to Deltona as fast as possible. It was now 2:45 AM.

In Deland we ended up driving alongside of a unmarked Deputy Sheriff's car, which held our speed to the posted limits all the way to Orange City. Looking at the time, I realized that there was no way we could get to my house in time, and the sky was clearing up rapidly!

Totally frustrated, I searched my memory of the area. This was much closer to home and was within the area that I covered for the US Geological Survey Water Resource Division when I worked for them 15 years ago. There had to be SOME PLACE nearby that was away from the city lights and had a clear southwestern horizon! Then it hit me ... Blue Springs State Park. The park itself would be closed, but there was a boat ramp at the end of a long dirt road nearby, and it looked out over the St. John's River almost exactly due southwest! We turned onto the the road leading to the Park, leaving the Deputy to continue on US 17-92, and proceeded as fast as was safely possible to the boat ramp. We hit the dirt road by the State Park entrance and proceeded only a little slower. There were a couple of bad bumps, but overall the road was in good shape, and I had only one raccoon to dodge. Paul was behind me, so he didn't have to worry about possible damage to the four-footed locals!  Luckily, I recognized the clearing at the boat ramp just in time to avoid driving down the ramp and into the river!

We jumped out of our cars, and there in front of us was a clear sky with Antares shining like a beacon welcoming us to the location. Ophiuchus was clearly visible above him, and the Milky Way was just visible as it arced across our heads through the Summer Triangle. The light dome from Orlando and Seminole County lit up the southern sky, but barely reached Ophiuchus, where the occultation was to occur. Checking the UT time tick on the GPS, I saw it was now 3:17 AM EDT. Only 47 minutes to get set up, and niether Paul or I were familar with each other's equipment!

I grabbed the Celstron Ultima 8" out of the packing in my trunk, and started setting up while Paul gathered his equipment and studied the star charts. The Ultima is a computerized, goto, alti-az scope, so I quickly aligned it with Antares and Altair, using the finder scope only to get get them within the eyepiece's field of view and then centering them through the 25mm eyepiece (80x.) I then slewed the scope to Vega, and then back to Altair and Antares to check the alignment. Not quite perfect, but very, very close. I then slewed to M4 to tweak it, but I couldn't quite make out the cluster. Anxious that the alignment might not be good afterall, I looked through the finder to see how far off it was, I couldn't see M4 in the finder either! It was then that I realized that another cloud mass was moving into the field of view, so I quickly slewed back to Antares, which still barely glowed through the clouds. It was very close to center, so I gave one last look through the finder scope, and then realized that one of those bad bumps, or perhaps my haste in getting the scope out of the trunk, has jarred the finder off center a little bit, but the clouds had thickened to the point that I couldn't do anything about it. It was now 3:29 AM.

Paul and I waited out the slow-moving cloud with mounting anxiety, for we still had to locate the target star and get Paul's equipment mounted on the scope and set up to record the event. Finally, at 3:47 AM the cloud cleared the field of view with only 17 minutes to go. We started searching for the target star. The sky in the eyepiece was bright, with low contrast, whether due to some high cirrus that we couldn't detect, or as I now believe, due to poor transparency and sky glow from Orlando enhanced by water vapor. In any case, the fainter magnitude guide star from the charts were barely detectable. Paul was bouncing back and forth between his binoculars, the guide scope and the eyepiece, frantically trying to locate the 12.1 magnitude target star. The position RH and DEC on the Ultima's controller seemed to be right, but the stars weren't matching the charts. Paul asked about the finder scope alignment and I then remembered that it was off center (forgive me, Paul!) I tried to tell him how much and which way, but he hadn't seen it for himself, and couldn't compensate. It was now 3:57 AM with only 8 minutes to go. I took over the controls and, having seen the offset of the finder scope, I was able to compensate for it. But I hadn't had as much chance as Paul to study the charts and match them in the scope. Finally, I matched some of the stars in the eyepiece with the ones on the chart, but some were missing, including the target star and the asteroid, Schiela (although a satellite did pass through the eyepiece,) but due to the high cirrus or sky glow, we couldn't be 100% certain that we were on target. I was about to suggest that we get the image-intensifier on the scope to check, but it was already 4:02 AM, no time left! Dejectedly, we watched the time tick pass 4:04.

If only we had had that 17 minutes while the cloud covered the only sky visible through the trees, or, if only the finder scope had not gotten jarred off center, or.... But, "if only's," are just that. Tom then called to say that he had also headed about 10 miles farther south to get clear sky, but that he too had missed out due to high cirrus clouds.

Such are the joys and sorrows of hardcore, earth-based, astronomy.